CCTV News: On February 23, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Deepening Rural Reform and Solidly Promoting the Comprehensive Revitalization of Rural Areas", which is the Central Document No. 1, to make comprehensive arrangements for the work of rural areas in 2025 and in the future. The opinions emphasize that we must continue to enhance the supply guarantee capacity of important agricultural products such as grain.

Continuously enhance the supply guarantee capacity of important agricultural products such as grain

Jin Wencheng, Director of the Rural Economic Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: I think two signals have been revealed. First, food security is the country's biggest, and this strategic positioning has not changed, and it is being further strengthened; second, it uses the longest part of this paragraph, accounting for about one-third of the length, and talks about nine aspects. This is to consolidate and develop our food security policy system, and make a systematic deployment and arrangement.

In recent years, my country's annual grain planting area has exceeded 1.7 billion mu. Under the premise of only more than 1.9 billion mu of cultivated land, achieving stable and increased yields is largely due to increasing yields. In 2024, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs launched a large-scale yield increase of grain and oil crops, with the annual grain yield increased by 5.1 kilograms compared with the previous year, and the increase in yield contributed more than 80% to the increase in yield. This year's Central Document No. 1 proposes to deepen the large-scale yield improvement action for grain and oil crops, and what aspects should we make efforts?

Bin Wencheng: First, its area should be expanded, from the past 1,000 mu of square meters, and now it should be promoted to the large-scale area of ​​the entire township and county; second, it should focus on the entire link, and scientific arrangements should be made in the entire process and the entire process of farming, planting, harvesting, prevention and management; third, it is the combination of "four good" such as fertile fields, good seeds, good opportunities and good methods to promote large-scale yield improvement. The fourth is to cultivate new entities as an important entity in the large-scale yield improvement action. At the same time, small farmers cannot be ignored. Small farmers must be driven through new entities to achieve overall large-scale yield improvement.

Develop new agricultural productive forces according to local conditions

In addition, the Central Document No. 1 also deploys the continuous enhancement of the supply guarantee capacity for important agricultural products such as grain in terms of strengthening farmland protection and quality improvement, and promoting the coordinated research of agricultural science and technology forces. Among them, the content of developing new agricultural productivity in accordance with local conditions is particularly eye-catching.

Jin Wencheng: The practical connotation of the new quality productivity of agriculture is relatively rich, including current biological breeding technology, drone technology, artificial intelligence technology and digital technology. These applications can improve the total factor productivity of agriculture in all aspects.

This year's Central Document No. 1 highlights the promotion of the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas by deepening rural reforms. It emphasizes that we must focus on strengthening the industries that enrich the people in counties and developing rural characteristic industries is an important measure.

Lin Wanlong, Vice President of China Agricultural University: The biggest advantage of rural areas lies in the uniqueness of rural areas in different places. When we talk about rural industries and county-level industries to enrich the people, we must refer to characteristic industries, which is what we call local specialties.

Strengthen the county-level industries to enrich the people and develop rural characteristic industries

To develop rural characteristic industries, we must adhere to the market laws, vigorously develop green and characteristic agricultural product breeding, promote the transformation and upgrading of agricultural product processing industry, implement the agricultural brand quality cultivation plan, build characteristic agricultural industry clusters, and improve the level of agricultural industrialization.

Lin Wanlong: We cannot just understand local specialties as what we usually call the planting and breeding industry. It includes rural culture, rural tourism, and food processing, which are all local specialties. For example, there is a county in Hebei that has a history of peppers. Now, chili extracts pigments to make lipsticks and cosmetics. Its market share of single products ranks first in the world.

Deepening reforms on the three key elements of "land", "money" and "people". In addition to strengthening the county-level industries to enrich the people and promoting rural construction, we have also been mentioned in the focus.

Tu Shengwei, a researcher at the Macroeconomic Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission: In summary, it is actually about the three key elements of locality, money and people. Regarding land, it means giving farmers more full and more stable land property rights and interests, and at the same time actively revitalizing rural land resources and assets; regarding money, we should innovate the investment and financing mechanism for our rural revitalization, guide and encourage finance and social capital, and invest more in all areas of rural revitalization; regarding people, we should also have corresponding cultivation and development mechanisms so that they can show their abilities and skills in the vast world of rural areas.